Energy and climate objectives have typically enjoyed broad parliamentary support in the Nordic countries. This has paved the way for steady and long-term energy policies such as carbon taxation, building codes and renewables support, giving clear signals to investors and consumers. Furthermore, the Nordic Council of Ministers facilitates regional cooperation on key policy areas. Sweden offers an example of steady and effective policy, where the district heating supply has been largely decarbonised. Gradually increasing carbon and energy taxes have helped to displace fossil fuels with bioenergy.

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